Blast-stove apparatus.



H. O. WOLLE & J. V. SYMONS.

- BLAST STOVE APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV.19, 1910. 992,839, Patented May 23 15,91

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vT-IABLI.IJI FSI C. WOLLE AND JOHNSON V. SYMONS, OF WESTMONT BOROUGH,PENNSYL- VANIA.

BLAST-ST OVE APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 23, it 1 11.

Application filed November 19, 1910. Serial No. 593,130.

To utt whom it may concern:

lie. it known that we. l'lAR'i'LEY C. \Yonnn and Jonxsox V. Srnoxs,citizens of the l'nited States, residing in the borough of ll'estmont.in the county of Cambria and State of Pennsylvania, have inventedcertain new and useful lu'iprmements in Blast Stove Apparatus; and we dohereby declare the following to be a full. clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichtit appertains to make and use the same.

Our invention relates to apparatus adapted for use on blow-off valves ofblaststoves, such as are connected with blast fur naccs for heating theair blast thereof.

One of the styles of stovesin question, known as a hot-bla'st-stove,consists of a substantially cylindrical shell of iron or steel withclosed ends, lined w h. refractory material. and having refractorymaterial disposed in cellular form throughout a considerable portion ofits interior. Such hotblast-stoves are of large fapacity and ordinarilycontain many thousand cubic feet of air or gases, although they may beof greater or less size, according to the requirements of the blastfurnace.

In p "notice, the refractory material in the interior of stoves heatedby the combustion of blast furnace gases, or in other manner, and afterit has reached the required degree of temperature, the heatingdiscontinued and the stove is then ready to heat the air-blast which isthen ptlfittl therethrough and ordinarily heated to a temperaturevarying from nine hundred to fourteen hundred degrees Fahrenheit, or toother temperature as may be desired.

After the stove has been used in heating the blast for a certain time,the rcfmctory material cools down so that it no longer will give therequired temperature to the air,

whcrupon the airblast is shut off this stove, and before heating it upagain, the large volume of hot compressed air contained therein, must bedischarged, or released. This air is under pressures of from ten totwenty-five pounds per square inch, or thereabout, and has heretoforebeen discharged through an ordinary valve and pipe, and produces a loud,roaring noise in issuing therefrom and also'carries with it aconsiderable amount of ore and other dust'which has been deposited inthe stove from the blast furnace gases.

One of the principal objects of our invention is to eliminate theexcessive noise that accompanies the blowing-off of a hot-blaststove, asabove explained, as this noise is yery annoying to the workmen and otherpeople in the neighborhood, but it is also dangerous around blastfurnaces in the respect that when the air is escaping and making loud,vibrating noises, other sounds, signals instructions and conversationcannot be heard, thereby interrupting the regular operations andprocedure during the time that said noise continues. In addition to thisthere are certain dangerous occurrences around blast furnaces that canonly be detected by 'the noise warning given thereby. which cannot beheard when the loud noise from the blowing-01f of a hot-blaststove isbeing produced.

Another object of our invention is to prevent the excessive wear of thestove-valve parts, pipes and other fittings, due to the cutting effectof the ore and other dust that is blown out when the stove is emptied ofits air, preparatory to its being heated again.

Still another object of our invention is to prevent the discharge of thedust particles into the atmosphere, to keep the bulk of them in thestove chamber, and to carry the hot, escaping air high enough to obviatedanger from its heat.

lVith these objects in view, we have pr vided an apparatus thatv issimple and economical of construction and one that satisfactorilyovercomes the objectionable features of the older practice abovementioned.

Although for simplicity of description and illustration we have referredto our appa 'atus as used with a l1ot-blast-stove of a blast. furnace,we do not limit ourselves to this application thereof. but we mayutilize it in connection with the discharge of air, gases or fluidsunder any other circumstances where so desired.

We have demonstrated by recent actual construction and use that ourapparatus performs the functions heretofore described, end eliminatesnoise, danger, dust, and reduces the cutting of the parts by dustconsequent upon the blowing-off of air from a hot-b1ast-stove.

Referring now to the sheet of drawings {is eeasae forming part of thisspecification and in i 18 mounted in a shell or casing, constituteswhich like characters of reference indicate like parts :-l igure l isavertical section of blow-o1? valve located near the bottom of ahot-hlast-stove and secured to the shell thereof, as shown; showing alsoa sectional longitudinal view of the lower part of our apparatus securedto the valve casing. Fig. 2 is a vertical central sectional view of ourapparatus detached from the valve casing, for convenience ofillustration. Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on the linellI-Hl ofFig. 2 being in the direction of the arrows. Referring to the variouscharacters of reference on the drawings 1 indicates the outer portion ofa h0t-l last-stove showing the shell and refractory lining thereof; '2is an annular base secured to the shell of a hot-hlastetove andconforming thereto, while 3 is an intermediate portion of a valvecasing; l is the valve casing proper, having a seat formed thereon-asshown, in which the mushroom valve disk 5 is shown in its closedposition, and 6 is'an annular flange extending around the outlet or.nozzle of the valve casin i The parts heretofore mentioned, with theexception of the flange 6, comprise the old blow-off arrangementhereinloe'lore referred to, and which, on account of the noise and.

other difficulties mentioned, has led to our improved apparatus, whichis mounted thereon.

Our apparatus consists of -a shell orcasing of considerable lengthindicated as 9 on therewith, is the inlet pipe section'll provided withthe perforations 12 and. the cap 13. Within the shell or casing f) andimmediately above the inlet pipe section 11, is located a ballle whichis composed of a lower hollow truncated cone 15 provided with anaperture 16 which aperture is of approximately the same diameter theinlet pipe section 11, the upper portion of said battle being composedof a reversely disposed, holtlow truncated cone 17 having a similar whatwe call one unit ol our construction, and in the illustrationaccompanying; this specification, another unit is l!( \';l1 above theperforated dial'vhrag'm it), although we may use any number of units asde.-ired, to accomplish the purpose intended.

Above the upper hollow cone 18 is located the inverted funnel 2O havinga lower flange 22 whereby it secured to the shell or casing 9, and anupper flange 21 on which is mounted an upper perforated pipe section 23,provided with perforations 2-1 therein. The upper pipe section 23 isprovided with a closing piece 25, and mounted on the upper end of thepipe 23 is an upright pcrforated funnel 26 having perforations '27therein, through which latter the air or gases finally pass into theatmosphere. The space at the lower portion of our apparatus indicated by28- we call the lower dead air or eddying space, while the spaces withinthe baille units indicated as 29 we call the expansion chamber.Similarly, the space 30 is the upper dead air or eddying space, and 31is the upper chamber.

"We have indicated at 39 the ore or dust which is retained within'thechamber of the hot-blast-stove by reason of the operation of ourapparatus.

In illustrating our invention we have shown the nozzle or valve casinglocated at an angle of about sixty degrees from the horizontal, althoughthis is not essential, as it could extend vertically, horizontally, orin fact, might be inverted, if desired.

Although we may vary the proportions and dimensions of our apparatus, wehave shown the inlet pipe 11, having perforations 12 about equal incombined cross wctional area to the cross section of the pipe itself,and the diameters of the openings l are substantially equal to thediameter of the pipe 11. i'tlthough'we may also vary the proportion ofother parts oi" our apparatus, we have shown the-diaphragm 19 providedwith perforations about equal in area. to the other openings, and theopenings in the pipe and the funnel 26 are sin'iilar.

The operation of our apparatus is substantially as tollows:-'lhehot-blaststove or otherapparatus being full of air, gases, etc, underpressure, the valve 5 is opened, and the fluids are thence dischargedfrom the valve casing into the inlet pipe 11, thence out through thepcriprations 12 in small streams, thence issue into lower dead airspace28, where, on account or the conformation, eddyinfzj action isoccasioned, cierehy dissipating a portion of the en gy and lessening thevelocity. The direction of the motion is then reversed by passingthroughthe lower opening 16 into the lower expansion chamber 29 and eddies andcountercurrents again are formed and the velocity is lowered by theexpansion therein. The fluid then passes through the upper opening it;in the lower unit of theballle, impinges against the cap or hollow cone18 and is again deflected downward and escapes into the space surrounding the exterior of the cone 18 through the annular opening betweenthe hollow conical frustum 17 and the conical cap 18, thereby againcausing coui'itercurrents, dissipation of the energy and slackening ofthe velocity, due to expansion, friction, eddying action, etc. The fluidthen percolates through the perforated diaphragm 15) into the. upperdead air space 30 and thence through the second bafiling unit, withresults as heretofore described in connection with the first. battlingunit through the annular space between the upper conical cap ordeflector 18, passage is made into the inverted funnel 20, thence intothe upper pipe section 23, thence through the perforations thereof, intothe outer chamber 31, and finally through the perforations 27 in theupper upright funnel 26, the fluids issue into the atmosphere.

Although we have shown and described our apparatus with a hollowcylindrical casing, cylindrical pipes, and other portions of cylindricalcross section, we may make these of square, rectangular, oval or otherforms, as may be expedient or desired.

For convenience of description and reference, the lower ends of thevarious portions of our apparatus are called the enteringends, and theupper portions the dischargeends, as our apparatus may be used in anyposition. Vi e may use more or less battles as desired, and in certaincases, may omit the upper parts, such as the upright perforated funnel,the upper pipe section 23 and the appurtenances thereof, as one or morebafiie units may suifice under certain conditions.

Although We have shown and described our invention in considerabledetail, we do not wish to be limited to the exact and specific detailsshown and described. but may use such substitutions, modifications orequivalent-s thereof as are embraced within the scope of our inventionand pointed out in the claims.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim and desire to secureby Letters- Patent is:

1. In apparatus of the character described, ahollow shell or casing,provided with inlet and outlet openings, one or more ballles within saidshell, each baille comprising a pair of hollow conical frusta with theirbases adjoining and secured together throughout the entirecircumferences of said bases, thereby providing for the eddying andexpansion of the fluids passed therethrough.

After leaving the second 2. In apparatus of the character described, ahollow, shell or casing provided with inlet and outlet openings, one ormore battles mounted within said. casing, each ballle being composed ofa pair of hollow conical frusta with their bases adjoining, the outletfrustum having a hollow conical cap secured at a slight distancetl'ierefrom, thereby providing for reversing the flow, the cddying andexpansion of the lluids passed there-through.

3. In apparatus of the character described, a hollow shell or casingprovided with a smaller inlet opening, one or more batlies within saidshell, each batlie comprising a pair of hollow conical frusta with theirbases adjoining, an inverted funnel secured beyond the ballles, aperforated outlet pipe connecting said funnel with the interior of saidcasing, and an upper upright perforated funnel secured to said casingthrough which the fluids finally pass to the atmosphere.

i. In apparatus of the character described, a hollow shell or casingprovided with an inlet pipe of less diameter near the base thereof, aplurality of bafiies mounted within said casing, each ballle comprisinga pair of hollow conical frusta with their bases adjoining, thedischarge frustum of each pair being surmounted by a hollow conical capsecured at a slight distance therefrom, a perforated diaphragm betweeneach of said battles, and an outlet opening beyond the discharge-ends ofsaid battles.

5. Ii /apparatus of the character described, a hollow shell or casingprovided with an inlet pipe of less diameter nea the base thereof, aplurality of batlies mounted within said casing. each bal'lie comprisinga. pair of hollow conical frusta with their bases adjoining, thedischarge frustum of each pair being surmounted by a hollow conical capsecured at a slight; distance therefrom, a perforated diaphragm betweeneach of said bal'lies; a hollow inverted funnel mounted within saidcasing beyond said bailles, a perforated ,pipe of less dian'ieter thanthe casing, mounted between the discharge-end of said inverted funneland an uprightperforated funnel mounted within said casing providing afinal outlet for the fluid therefrom.

(1. The combination with the blow-oil" pipe and valve of a blasbstovc,of a hollow casing mounted thereon and provided with a perforated inletpipe of less diameter than said blow-oil pipe a baliic mounted withinsaid shell, composed of a pair o'l hollow conical frusta with theirbases ad oining each other and said casing and surmounted by a hollowconical cap spaced apart from the discharge frustum ofsaid pair; ahollow perforated diaph *agm mounted within the casing beyond thedischarge-end of the said battle; a second similar batlie mounted insaid casing and beyond which a h llow inverted tunnel mounted within olcasing, the upper end of said funnel being connected with a pipe ofsmaller diam er than said casing, said pipe having perforations leadinginto the annular space around same, and a closure at its upper end, andan upright discharge funnel mounted Within said casing and provided withperforations connecting with the atmosphere.

"I An apparatus of the character described, comprising a hollow shell orcasing provided with a perforated inletpipe of less diameter, aplurality of battles, each composed of a pair of hollow conical frusta,with their bases adjoining, the areas of the openings at their apiceseach being substantzally the same as that of the inlet pipe and theperforations thereof; a hollow cone mounted over the discha W frustum ofsaid pair and spaced. apart from the same, a perforated diaphragmmounted within said casing. between each pair or battles, a hollowinverted funnel mounted within said shell beyond the last of saidballles, the upper end of said tunnel being connected with a pipe ofsmaller diameter than said casing. said pipe having perforations leadinginto the annular space around the same. and a closure at its upper end.an upright discharge funnel mounted Within said casing and provided withperforations connecting with the atoms pherc, the areas of the openingsthrough each of said pipes, battles. perforated diaphi-aggro, funnel.etc, being s1ibstantialh equal and considerably less than the crosssectional area of the said shell or casing. thereby providing for theeddyingr. contraction and expansion of the fluidsv passed there-througir8. An apparatus of the character dcscrihcd, comprising;- a hollow sh lor casing. having an inlet pipe of less diameter, said inlet pipe beingprovided. with an end closure, and side perforations approximately equalin areas to the. cross sectional area said pipe. a. series of battlesmounted within said shell or casing, each battle being conr posed of apair of oppositely dis wsed hollow conical frusta With their adjoiningeach other and the interior of said shell, the discharge trustiun 01each pair being suru'iounted by a hollow conical cap spaced at. a.slight. distance therefrom, a perforated j.iaphragm secured within saidshell bctween each pair of said l itiles. an inverted funnel mountedwithin the shell beyond. the

dischargeend ot the last battle, said funnel being connected with aperforated discharge pipe of less diameter than said shell or ing, theperforations therein conununicating with the annular space between saiddischarce pipe and said shall, a top closure for said discharge pipe andan upright perforated funnel mounted at or near the discharge-end ofsaid shell or casing, the perforations of which funnel connect theinterior with the atmosphere.

9. lhe combination with a blast-stove, of"

an apparatus mounted on the blow-off outlet thereof, comprising atubular casing. in which is mounted a series of balllcs. so constructedand arranged that the fluids which pass through said apparatus aresubjected to eddying and expansion. thereby lessening the energy andvelocity thereof.

10. The combination with the blots-off outlet of a blast-stove, of anapparatus mounted thereon comprising a tubular casing of comparativelylarge cross-sectional area, an inlet of less area, the interior at saidtubular casing being pro 'ided with a series of battles whereby thefluids passed there'through are subjected to eddying and expansion.thereby lessening the l velocity thereof.

11. The combination with a bl-- of an apparatus mounted on t n:

:. outlet thereof. com risin a tubular casino:

of. comparatively large cross-section 7 an inlet of less area. theinterior of s a ..S inehavinq a series of baiiles mountco therein. soarranged as to provide contractions. expansions and tortuous arrangementof the space within said casing. waereby the r'luids passedthere-through are subjected to eddying, expansion. and changes indirection of flow, thereby lessening the. energy and velocity thereof.

12. The combination, With a blast-stove. of an apparatus mounted onslow-oil outlet. thereof. comprising a t'ibu t and means therein forcaui which pass thcrethrouggh to be sub eddying; and eXpansiouthereb vlessening the encrgrv and velocity thereof.

in testimony whereof we hereto atria our signatures in the presence oftwo f nesses.

i built] innn'r A. Buses.

